Enhance productivity and net economic return by intercropping sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) with common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under drip irrigation
Keywords:
Sole, Intercropping, Drip irrigation, Water use efficiency
Abstract
Intercropping represents ways of maximizing water use efficiency (WUE) for higher yields per unit of irrigation water applied. The field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Farm of Arab El- Awammer Research, Station, Assiut during the two successive growing summer seasons of 2017 and 2018, to study the effect of different irrigation regimes (120, 100 and 80% ETo) and intercropping systems (sole sunflower, sole common bean and intercropping sunflower and common bean) for enhanced productivity and net economic return under drip irrigation. Irrigation with 120% ETo treatment gave higher yield and its compounds and oil % compared to 100 and 80% ETo treatments for sunflower and common bean. The highest stem, head diameters and 100-seed weight and seed and oil yield produced with sole sunflower as compared with intercropping of sunflower with common bean which had the lowest values in both growing seasons. The highest values of IWUE (0.723 and 0.704 kg/m3) were obtained at intercropping under irrigation with 100% ETo. Values of land equivalent ratio of various intercropping systems were larger than one in the intercropping systems. Sunflower + common bean cropping system produced higher values of net return than sole sunflower and sole common bean. The highest net return (2709 US$/ha) were obtained when irrigated sunflower + common bean intercropping system with 120% ETo in the second season while the lowest net return (234 US$/ha) were obtained when irrigated sole sunflower with 80% ETo treatment in the first season.
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References
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35. Abdo NMA. Soil and water management of calcareous soils. M.Sc. Fac. Agric. El-Fayoum Univ., Egypt. 2008.
36. Ahmad B. Bio-economic efficiency of sunflower mungbean intercropping system. M. Sc. Thesis, Dept of Agron. Uni. Agric., Faisalabad. 2001.
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38. Sultana RS. Influence of planting geometry on the productivity of some maize based intercropping system. M.Sc. (Hons.) Thesis, Dept of Agron.Uni. Agric. Faisalabad. 2007.
39. Khan MA, Akmal M. Sole and intercropping sunflower-mungbean for spring cultivation in Peshawar. Pure Appl Biol. 2014; 3(4): 121-131.
40. Abd El-Zaher SR, Mohamadain EE, Atalla RAA. Effect of intercropping sunflower with peanut under different rates of nitrogen fertilization on yield components of both crops. Mansoura Univ J Agric Sci. 2009; 34(3): 2097-2114.
41. Kramer PJ. Plant and soil water relationships. A Modern synthesis. TATA, McGrow-Hill Publishing Comp. Ltd., New Delhi. 1977.
42. El-Sawy WA, El-baz MG, Toaima SEA. Response of two peanut varieties to intercropping with sunflower under different sunflower sowing dates. Arab J Nuclear Sci Appl. 2006; 21(3): 193-210.
43. Abdel-Wahab SI, Manzlawy AM. Yield and quality of intercropped sunflower with soybean under different sunflower plant spacings and slow release nitrogen fertilizer rates in sandy soil. Int J Appl Agric Sci. 2016; 2(3): 32-43.
44. Kandel HJ, Schneiter AA, Johnson BL. Intercropping legumes into sunflower at different growth stages. Crop Sci. 1996; 37(5): 1532-1537.
45. Padhi AK. Effect of vegetable intercropping on productivity, economics and energetics of maize (Zea mays). Indian J Agron. 2001; 46(2): 204-210.
46. Ghosh PK. Growth, yield competition and economics of groundnut/cereal fodder intercropping systems in the semi-arid tropics of India. Field Crops Res. 2004; 88: 227-237.
47. Shata SM, Safaa AM, Hanan SS. Improving calcareous soil productivity by integrated effect of intercropping and fertilizer dorycnium rectum. Res J Agri Biol Sci. 2007; 3(6): 733-739.
48. Kumar M. Studies on intercropping of mustard/ safflower with chickpea and wheat. M. Sc. Thesis, UAS, Dharwad, India. 2008.
49. Takim FO. Advantages of maize-cowpea intercropping over sole cropping through competition indices. J Agric Biodiv Res. 2012; 1(4): 53-59.
50. Hamdollah E. Intercropping of maize (Zea mays) with cowpea (Vigna sinensis) and mungbean (Vigna radiata): effect of complementarity of intercrop components on resource consumption, dry matter production and legumes forage quality. J Basic Appl Sci Res. 2012; 2(1): 355-360.
51. Dube EDN, Madanzi T, Kapenzi AE, Masvaya E. Root length density in maize/cowpea intercropping under a basin tillage system in a semi-arid area of Ximbabwe. Am J Plant Sci. 2014; 5(11): 1499-1507.
52. Hamd Alla WA, Shalaby EM, Dawood RA, Zohry AA. Effect of cowpea (Vigna sinensis L.) with maize (Zea mays L.) intercropping on yield and its components. World Acad Sci Engin Techn Int J Biol Vet Agric Food Engin. 2014; 8(11): 1170-1176.
53. Said MT, Hamd-Alla WA. Impact of foliar spraying with antioxidant and intercropping pattern of maize and soybean on yields and its attributes. J Plant Prod Mansoura Univ. 2018; 9(12): 1069-1073.
54. Hamada A, Hamd-Alla WA. Productivity of wheat with faba bean as influenced by crop sequences. intercropping systems and foliar application of humic acid. Egypt J Agron. 2019; 41(3): 249-265.
55. Mao LL, Zhang LZ, Li WW, Werf WVD, Sun JH, Spiertz H, Li L. Yield advantage and water saving in maize/pea intercrop. Field Crops Res. 2012; 138: 11-20.
2. El-Koliey MM, Soliman SE, Eid HM. Estimation of crop water needs in Assiut Governorate. 6th Conference Meteorology & Sustainable Development. April 2-4, 2001 Cairo, Egypt.
3. Hefzy M, Gameh MA, El- Koliey MA, Ismail SM. Water requirements for sunflower crops grown on newly reclaimed soils of Assiut Governorate. 10th International Conference of Egyptian Soil Science Society (ESSS), 4th International Conference of On-Farm Irrigation and Agroclimatology 5-8 November 2012, Ameria, Alexandria, Egypt.
4. Biederbeck VO, Bouman OT. Water use by annual green manure legumes in dryland cropping systems. Agron J. 1994; 86: 543-549.
5. Kandel HJ, Schneiter AA, Johnson BL. Intercropping legumes into sunflower at different growth stages. Crop Sci. 1997; 37: 1532-1537.
6. MoralesREJ, Escalante EJA, Sosa ME, Tijerina CL, Volke HVH. Biomasa, rendimiento, eficiencia en el uso del agua y de la radiación solar del agrosistema girasol – frijol. Terra Latinoam.2006; 24: 55-64.
7. Casadebaig P, Debaeke P, Lecoeur J. Thresholds for leaf expansion and chemists, 16th edn. Washington, D.C. U.S.A. Eur J Agro. 2008; 28: 646-654.
8. Anonymous. Sunflower oil - your healthy choice. National Sunflower 2002.
9. Myers RL, Minor HC. Sunflower: an American native. http://muextension.missouri.edu.xplor/agguides/crops.2002
10. Consideine M. Effect of urea on photosynthesis and yield in mungbean. J Agron Crop Sci. 1992; 168: 91-94.
11. Calvache M, Reichardt K, Bacchp OOS, Dourado-Neto D. Deficit irrigation at different growth stages of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv. Imbabello). Sci Agric Piracicaba. 1997; 54: 1-16.
12. El-Mogy MM, Abuarab ME, Abdullatif AL. Response of green bean to pulse surface drip irrigation. J Horticult Sci Ornam Plants. 2012; 4(3): 329-334.
13. Metwally AA, Safina SA, El-Killany R, Saleh NA. Productivity, land equivalent ratios and water use efficiency of intercropping corn with soybean in Egypt. RJPBCS. 2017; 8(4): 328-344.
14. Muhammad AA, Muhammad AS, Raza UM, Khubaib A, Ijaz A, Sohail L. Intercropping sunflower with mungbean for improved productivity and net economic return under irrigated conditions. Pak J Agric Res. 2017; 30(4): 338-345.
15. El-Mehy AA, Taha AM, Abd-Allah AMM. Maximizing land and water productivity by intercropping sunflower with peanut under sprinkler irrigation. Alex Sci Exch J. 2018; 39(1): 144-160.
16. AOAC. Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Agricultural, 1995.
17. Allen GR, Pereira LS, Raes D, Smith M. Crop evapotranspiration, guidelines for competing crop water requirements. FAO. Irrigation and drainages paper 1998; 56, Rome, Italy.
18. James LG. Principles of farm irrigation systems design. Washington State University. 1988; 543.
19. Willey RW, Osiru SO. Studies on mixture of maize and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) with particular reference to plant populations. J Agric Sci Camb. 1972; 79: 519-529.
20. Mead R, Willey RW. The concept of a ‘land equivalent ratio’ and advantages in yields from intercropping. Exp Agric. 1980; 16: 217-228.
21. De Wit CT. On competition. Verslag Landbouw-Kundige Onderzoek. 1960; 66: 1-28.
22. Mc-Gillichrist CA. Analysis and competition experiments. Biometrics. 1960; 21: 975- 985.
23. Willey RW, Rao MR. Competitive ratio for quantifying competition between intercrops. Exp Agric. 1980; 6: 117-125.
24. Banik P. Evaluation of wheat (Tritcum aestivum) and legume intercropping under 1:1 and 2:1 row replacement series system. J Agron Crop Sci. 1996; 176: 289-294.
25. Banik P, Sasmal T, Ghosal PK, Bagchi DK. Evaluation of mustard (Brassica campestris var. Toria) and legume intercropping under 1:1 and 2:1 row–replacement series systems. J Agron Crop Sci. 2000; 185: 9-14.
26. Hefzy M, Hassanein GH, Gameh MA, and El-Koliey MMA. Effect of drip irrigation and phosphorus fertilization on the growth of peanut plants grown on sandy calcareous soils. Egypt J Soil Sci. 2015; 55(1): 1-14.
27. Bulletin of Agricultural Statistical. Winter Crops, Agriculture Statistics 2017.
28. SAS Institute. The SAS System for Windows, release 9.2. Cary NC: SAS Institute. 2008.
29. Steel GD, Torrie JH. Principles and procedures of statistics (2nd edn.) McGraw-Hill Book Company. Inc. N. Y. 1981.
30. Ashri MRK. Water and soil management of sunflower in Fayoum Governorate. M. Sc. Agric. Sci. Soils Dept., Cairo Univ. Egypt 2003.
31. El-Samnoudi IM, Abou-Arab AA. Soil salinity effects on growth, yield and seeds quality of sunflower. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Sustainable Management of Salt Affected Soils in the Arid Ecosystem Cairo, Egypt, 1997: 520-527.
32. Ashoub MA, Abdel-Aziz IMA, Shahin MM, Gohar MN. Influence of irrigation intervals and magnesium fertilization on yield and water relations of sunflower. Ann Agric Sci Ain Shams Univ Cairo. 2000; 45(2): 191-204.
33. Singh M, Singh H, Singh T, Jhorar RK, Singh BP. Seed yield, water use and water - use efficiency of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) genotypes under irrigation and nitrogen variables. Indian J Agron. 2000; 45(1): 188-192.
34. Aly AS. Surge flow as development and management of irrigation efficiency in some soils of Fayoum. Ph.D. Fac. Agric El-Fayoum. Cairo Univ., Egypt. 2005.
35. Abdo NMA. Soil and water management of calcareous soils. M.Sc. Fac. Agric. El-Fayoum Univ., Egypt. 2008.
36. Ahmad B. Bio-economic efficiency of sunflower mungbean intercropping system. M. Sc. Thesis, Dept of Agron. Uni. Agric., Faisalabad. 2001.
37. García-López J, Lorite IJ, García-Ruiz R, Ordonez R, and Dominguez J. Yield response of sunflower to irrigation and fertilization under semi-arid conditions. Agric Water Manag. 2016; 176: 151-162.
38. Sultana RS. Influence of planting geometry on the productivity of some maize based intercropping system. M.Sc. (Hons.) Thesis, Dept of Agron.Uni. Agric. Faisalabad. 2007.
39. Khan MA, Akmal M. Sole and intercropping sunflower-mungbean for spring cultivation in Peshawar. Pure Appl Biol. 2014; 3(4): 121-131.
40. Abd El-Zaher SR, Mohamadain EE, Atalla RAA. Effect of intercropping sunflower with peanut under different rates of nitrogen fertilization on yield components of both crops. Mansoura Univ J Agric Sci. 2009; 34(3): 2097-2114.
41. Kramer PJ. Plant and soil water relationships. A Modern synthesis. TATA, McGrow-Hill Publishing Comp. Ltd., New Delhi. 1977.
42. El-Sawy WA, El-baz MG, Toaima SEA. Response of two peanut varieties to intercropping with sunflower under different sunflower sowing dates. Arab J Nuclear Sci Appl. 2006; 21(3): 193-210.
43. Abdel-Wahab SI, Manzlawy AM. Yield and quality of intercropped sunflower with soybean under different sunflower plant spacings and slow release nitrogen fertilizer rates in sandy soil. Int J Appl Agric Sci. 2016; 2(3): 32-43.
44. Kandel HJ, Schneiter AA, Johnson BL. Intercropping legumes into sunflower at different growth stages. Crop Sci. 1996; 37(5): 1532-1537.
45. Padhi AK. Effect of vegetable intercropping on productivity, economics and energetics of maize (Zea mays). Indian J Agron. 2001; 46(2): 204-210.
46. Ghosh PK. Growth, yield competition and economics of groundnut/cereal fodder intercropping systems in the semi-arid tropics of India. Field Crops Res. 2004; 88: 227-237.
47. Shata SM, Safaa AM, Hanan SS. Improving calcareous soil productivity by integrated effect of intercropping and fertilizer dorycnium rectum. Res J Agri Biol Sci. 2007; 3(6): 733-739.
48. Kumar M. Studies on intercropping of mustard/ safflower with chickpea and wheat. M. Sc. Thesis, UAS, Dharwad, India. 2008.
49. Takim FO. Advantages of maize-cowpea intercropping over sole cropping through competition indices. J Agric Biodiv Res. 2012; 1(4): 53-59.
50. Hamdollah E. Intercropping of maize (Zea mays) with cowpea (Vigna sinensis) and mungbean (Vigna radiata): effect of complementarity of intercrop components on resource consumption, dry matter production and legumes forage quality. J Basic Appl Sci Res. 2012; 2(1): 355-360.
51. Dube EDN, Madanzi T, Kapenzi AE, Masvaya E. Root length density in maize/cowpea intercropping under a basin tillage system in a semi-arid area of Ximbabwe. Am J Plant Sci. 2014; 5(11): 1499-1507.
52. Hamd Alla WA, Shalaby EM, Dawood RA, Zohry AA. Effect of cowpea (Vigna sinensis L.) with maize (Zea mays L.) intercropping on yield and its components. World Acad Sci Engin Techn Int J Biol Vet Agric Food Engin. 2014; 8(11): 1170-1176.
53. Said MT, Hamd-Alla WA. Impact of foliar spraying with antioxidant and intercropping pattern of maize and soybean on yields and its attributes. J Plant Prod Mansoura Univ. 2018; 9(12): 1069-1073.
54. Hamada A, Hamd-Alla WA. Productivity of wheat with faba bean as influenced by crop sequences. intercropping systems and foliar application of humic acid. Egypt J Agron. 2019; 41(3): 249-265.
55. Mao LL, Zhang LZ, Li WW, Werf WVD, Sun JH, Spiertz H, Li L. Yield advantage and water saving in maize/pea intercrop. Field Crops Res. 2012; 138: 11-20.
Published
2020-04-23
How to Cite
(1)
Hamd-Alla, W.; Ahmed, N.; Hefzy, M. Enhance Productivity and Net Economic Return by Intercropping Sunflower (Helianthus Annus L.) With Common Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) under Drip Irrigation. European Journal of Biological Research 2020, 10, 57-73.
Section
Research Articles
