Phycoremediation of water contaminated with arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) from a mining site in Minna, Nigeria
Keywords:
Phycoremediation, Macroalgae, Spirogyra, Cladophora, Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead
Abstract
This study was designed to remediate water contaminated with heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium and lead) using two green macroalgal species, Spirogyra and Cladophora. The results obtained from this study indicate that both macroalgae can be employed to adsorb and detoxify any of the three heavy metals from aqueous solution. However, it was also discovered from the study that Cladophora adsorbed and detoxified more of the cadmium and lead than arsenic as the organism had removal efficiency for cadmium and lead as 88.78% and 94.85% respectively meanwhile for arsenic it was only 23.10%. On the otherhand however, Spirogyra adsorbed more of arsenic than cadmium and lead as the organism had a record of 82.76% of arsenic compared to the 28.97% and 47.43%absorption forcadmium and lead respectively. It is therefore concluded based on the results of the present study that reclamation and reuse of water from public or industrial wastewater, or even from water contaminated as a result of precious metal mining is a huge possibility through the application of phycoremediation, using different species of micro and macroalgae.
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References
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2. David CS. Freshwater microbiology. In: Biodiversity and dynamic interactions of microorganisms, 2005.
3. Amadi AN, Yisa J, Ogbonnaya IC, Dan-Hassan MA, Jacob JO, Alkali YB. Quality evaluation of River Chanchaga using metal pollution index and principal component analysis. J Geography Geol. 2012; 4(2): 1.
4. Dimple L. Adsorption of heavy metals: A review. Int J Environ Res Develop. 2014; 4(1): 41-48.
5. Abioye OP, Yusuf GB, Aransiola SA, Oyewole OA, Bala JD. Biosorption of chromium and zinc by Micrococcus varians and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from soil. Int Res J Environ Sci. 2017; 6(4): 1- 7.
6. Srivastava VC, Swamy MM, Mall ID, Prasad B. Mishra IM. Adsorptive removal of phenol by bagasse fly ash and activated carbon: Equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics, Colloids and Surfaces (A). Physicochem Engin Aspects. 2006; 272: 89-104.
7. Abioye OP, Oyewole OA, Aransiola SA, Usman AU. Removal of lead by Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from e-waste dumpsite. Ann Food Sci Technol. 2017; 18(2): 218-225.
8. Vinodhini R. Narayanan M. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in organs of fresh water fish Cyprinus carpio (Common carp). Int J Environ Sci Technol. 2008; 5(2): 179-182.
9. Akoto O, Bruce TN, Darko G. Heavy metals pollution profiles in streams serving the Owabi reservoir. Afr J Environ Sci Technol. 2008; 2(11): 354-359.
10. Idris MA, Kolo BG, Garba ST. Waziri I. Pharmaceutical industrial effluent: heavy metal contamination of surface water in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Bull Environ Pharmacol Life Scie. 2013; 2(3): 40-44.
11. Olayiwola OA. An assessment of soil heavy metal pollution by various allied artisans in auto-mechanic workshop in Osun State, Nigeria. J Environ Earth Sci. 2011; 10(2): 1881-1886.
12. Lin H, Wong S, Li G. Heavy metal content of rice and shellfish in Taiwan. J Food Drug Anal. 2004; 12: 167-174.
13. Balasubramanian R, He J, Wang LK. Control, management, and treatment of metal emissions from motor vehicles. In: Wang LK, Chen JP, Hung Y, Shammas NK, eds. Heavy metals in the environment. Boca Raton, Florida, CRC Press, 2009: 475-490.
14. Institute of Chartered Chemists of Nigeria, Zamfara Lead Poisoning Crisis - The Story. Retrieved on 22 May 2014 www.iccon.org.ng
15. Kar D, Sur P, Mandal SK, Saha T, Kole RK. Assessment of heavy metal pollution in surface water. Int J Environ Sci Technol. 2008; 5(1): 119-124.
16. Sabine M. Human health effects of heavy metals: Centre for Hazardous Substance Research Kansas State University. Retrieved on 22 May, 2014, www.engg.ksu.edu/CHSR
17. Aktar MW, Paramasivam M, Ganguly M, Purkait S, Sengupta D. Assessment and occurrence of various heavy metals in surface water of Ganga River around Kolkata: a study for toxicity and ecological impact. Environ Monitor Assessment. 2010; 160(2): 207-213.
18. United State Environmental Protection Agency. Sample preservation. In: Methods for chemical analysis of water and wastes. Ohio, Cincinnati Press. 1983: 1-2.
19. García R. Báez AP. Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS), Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Dr. Muhammad Akhyar Farrukh (Ed.), Mexico City, InTech Publications. 2012: 10-11.
20. Indhumathi P, Soundararajan M, Syed S. Isolation and characterization of green microalgae for carbon sequestration, wastewater treatment and bio-fuel production. Int J Bio-Sci Bio-Technol. 2013; 5(2): 9.
21. Chiu SY, Chen TY, Chang YB, Kuo CM, Lin CS. Cultivation of macroalgae Chlorella for biomass and lipid production using wastewater as nutrients resource. Biores Technol. 2015; 184: 179-189.
22. John DM, Whitton, BA, Brook AJ. The freshwater algal flora of the British Isles: An identification guide to freshwater and terrestrial algae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2002: 468-470.
23. Mahmoud B, Azizah I, Reda M, Terek E. Critical evaluating for five digestion methods using ICP-MS. J Pharmaceut Scient Innov 2014; 3(1): 30-34.
24. Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA). Guidelines and Standards for Environmental Pollution Control in Nigeria. Nigeria. 2003: 13.
25. World Health Organization. Combating waterborne diseases at the household level. http://www.who.int/water/sanitationhealth/publications/part1. Retrieved on 12th December, 2014.
26. Tuzen M. Sari A. Biosorption of selenium from aqueous solution by green algae (Cladophora hutchinsiae) biomass: equilibrium, thermodynamic and kinetic studies. J Chem Engin. 2010; 158: 200-206.
27. Chouaib B. The role of algae in heavy metals removal from mining wastewater. J Environ Engin. 2014; 1(1): 7-30.
28. Soma HP. Bioremediation of heavy metals through freshwater microalgae: a review. Scholars Acad J Biosci. 2014; 2(11): 825-830.
29. Alpana S, Mehta SK, Gaur JP. Removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution by common freshwater filamentous algae. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2007; 23: 1115-1120.
30. Sathish R, Surasak S, Vanassa F, Moacir T, Pio C. Richard C. Phycoremediation of heavy metals using transgenic microalgae. In: Transgenic microalgae as green cell factories. Rosa L, Aurora G, Emilio F, eds. Ohio: Bioscience and Springer Science. 2007: 102.
31. Lee, YC, Chang SP. The biosorption of heavy metals from aqueous solution by Spirogyra and Cladophora filamentous macroalgae. Biores Technol. 2011; 102: 5297-5304.
32. Nirmal JK, Cini O. Removal of heavy metals by biosorption using freshwater alga Spirogyra hyaline. J Environ Biol. 2012; 33: 27-31.
33. Suresh B. Ravishankar GA. Phytoremediation - a novel and promising approach for environmental clean-up. Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2004; 24: 97-124.
34. Rai PS. Optimization of flow rate, initial metal ion concentration and biomass density for maximum removal of Cu2+ by immobilized Microcystis. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2000; 16: 579-584.
Published
2020-03-31
How to Cite
(1)
Abioye, O.; Ezugwu, B.; Aransiola, S.; Ojeba, M. Phycoremediation of Water Contaminated With Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) from a Mining Site in Minna, Nigeria. European Journal of Biological Research 2020, 10, 35-44.
Section
Research Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
